Project Manager for safety reanalysis of the 240 ft high arch dam utilizing the newly published hydrological data as well as the ground motion parameters which are based on most recent attenuation relationships. The analyses utilized ADAP-NS finite element program which allows opening and closing of joints due to seismic loads, and ANSYS program to design the remedial work. This included the design of a buttress to strengthen the dam for the very severe level of required ground shaking, and training of the PMF overflow through the central portion of the dam-away from the abutment bedrock.

Principal-in-Charge of the design, construction monitoring and post-construction testing and safety evaluation of post-tensioning tie-down system for the 85-ft high arch dam. The 1928 built structure had come under FERC jurisdiction by installation of a small hydropower plant. A prior safety inspection had indicated seismically unsafe condition due to excessive uplift seepage forces. As requested by client, a tie-down system was designed and constructed which consisted of 15 sets of low relaxation steel strand tendons post-tensioned to 270 kip each (350 kip capacity).

Lead investigator of the team of inde-pendent consultants to perform Part 12 safety inspections required by FERC of the 94-ft high variable radius arch dam. As the 1925 structure had just come under FERC jurisdiction, this was the first safety inspection report which indicated many of the recently required loading and stability analyses (i.e., PMF, Seismic, etc.) were not available. As required by FERC and approved by Client, a comprehensive safety analysis of the project was performed by the team which included 3-dimensional static and dynamic finite element analyses of the arch dam under PMF and MCE loadings. The detailed analyses indicated that the old structure meets the modern safety requirements of FERC.

Principal-in-Charge of comprehensive field and laboratory investigations, including coring, sampling and testing of the foundation bedrock and dam concrete materials, followed by safety analysis of the 101-ft high double arch concrete dam built in 1912. The analyses included faulting and seismicity studies, and development of ground motion time-histories, performance of static and dynamic 3-D finite-element analyses, and stability evaluations under seismic loads, and spillway design flood and overpore loads. Also designed improvements required by DSOD which included erosion protection measures of the foundation bedrock.

Project Manager for seismic safety analysis revaluation, inundation studies, recommendations of emergency warning system, and updating of the Emergency Management Plan. Seismic safety analysis included tectonic/seismicity studies and development of ground motion time history(ies) and response spectra for maximum credible earthquake (MCE), and 3-dimensional dynamic finite element analysis of the dam using spectra-method, mode-superposition method, and non-linear step-by-step integration method. Inundation studies included dam-break/flood routing analyses and preparation of inundation maps in accordance with recent (2000) FERC guidelines.

Project Manager for the safety review and analyses of 51-ft high multiple-variable radius arch dam built in 1908. The work included investigations and evaluation of the foundation bedrock and concrete properties, faulting and seismicity studies, development of ground motion time-histories, performance of static and dynamic 3-D finite-element analyses, and stability evaluations under seismic loads, and probable maximum flood (PMF) and over pour loads. The dam was found meeting all present day safety criteria.

Special consultant to Acres International and approved by World Bank and Iran Ministry of Water and Power to review the development of static and seismic stability safety criteria and analyses for design verification of the 560-ft high arch dam. The consulting review included seismicity, ground motion time-histories, stress analyses (temperature-induced, static, PMF, and seismic conditions) and limiting stress and deformation criteria.

Principal-in-charge and Project Manager for the DSOD required safety analyses of the 56-ft high multiple arch dam. Built in 1915, the dam consisted of 12 cylindrical reinforced concrete arches set at 45 degrees to horizontal and supported by buttress walls. The arches had a radius of 10 feet and were 9-inches thick at top and 18 inches thick at the bottom. The investigation and evaluations included faulting and seismicity studies and development of ground motion time-histories, performance of static and dynamic 3-D finite-element analyses, and stability evaluations under seismic loads, and spillway design flood (SDF) and overpour loads. Also designed improvements required by DSOD.

Project Manager and principal investigator for seismic re-analysis of the 165 ft high arch dam. The dam was constructed in 1949 and was subsequently found that the concrete has a high alkali aggregate reactivity. Concrete sampling and strength tests were performed on various occasions and the dam stability had been evaluated previously by others. For this project an evaluation of time-dependent concrete strength and properties were made and it was concluded that the dam would meet seismic safety requirements until 2008.

In conjunction with this project Dr. Marachi developed "A Quick Method For Safety Reanalysis of Concrete Dams" which was published in "The 2000 ASDSO Annual Conference" proceedings.

Project Manager for DSOD required safety analyses of the 110-ft high single radius concrete arch dam, including tectonics/faulting and seismicity studies and development of ground motion time-histories, performance of static and dynamic 3-D finite-element analyses, and stability evaluations under seismic (0.6g due to close proximity of active Greensville Fault) loads, and spillway design flood and over pour loads. The studies showed the 1924 built structure meets the present day (1982) seismic and flood stability requirements.

Project Manager and principal inves-tigator for the Part 12 safety inspection of the 148-ft high arch dam required by FERC. Performed tectonic and seismicity studies and developed ground motion time-histories and performed static, PMF and seismic stability analyses. The studies also included evaluation of stability of the segment of the arch which had significant deterioration due to impact of tree logs.

Project Manager for safety reanalysis of the 220 ft high arch dam utilizing the newly published hydrological data as well as the ground motion parameters which are based on most recent attenuation relationships. The concrete also had shown the effects of the alkali aggregate reactivity (AAR). The analyses utilized ADAP-NS finite element program which allows opening and closing of joints due to seismic loads, and ANSYS program to design the remedial work. This also included an evaluation of the locked-in AAR stresses and superposition of other stresses (i.e., Seismic) to assess safety of the structure. This included the design of a buttress to strengthen the dam for the very severe level of required ground shaking, and training of the PMF overflow through the central portion of the dam-away from the abutment bedrock.

Project Manager for vibration monitoring, dynamic amplification analyses, and evaluation of stability under blasting vibration required to lower side spillway to accommodate SDF. Subsequently performed seismic stability analysis as well as hydrologic inundation studies including dam break flood routing. These studies showed, to the satisfaction of DSOD requirements, that inundation area caused by PMF over pour is larger than a hypothetical dam break scenario under operating pool level.

Principal-in-Charge and ?independent consultant? approved by FERC to per-form independent consultant safety inspection per CFR Title 18, Part 12 for the triple arch 89-ft high concrete dam built in 1924. Subsequently performed detailed stability analyses under operating pool plus seismic loads (0.45g), and under SDF or PMF using 3-D finite element method. Also performed foundation investigation drilling to assess concrete - bedrock contact quality as well as concrete and bedrock strength parameters. Designed flood overpore protection schemes and anchored tie-back system to improve stability of the buttress walls.